Lahcen Zaheur<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

Ikcm uslamad Mupmmad Akuna\u00e4 s usays n ungal s ungal dars izwarn \u201c Tawargit d imikk\u201d (2002 ), lli igan yan zg ungaln ir\u00e7mn abrid n wallas ungalan v tskla tamazivt tatrart.<\/span><\/p>\n

Smmus isg\u00e5asn, iss\u00e4fr as d yan ungal ya\u00e4n \u00ab Ijjign n tidi \u00bb( 2007), lli \u00e7\u00eb\u00ebav is sis ikcm uslmad nv ama\u00e4al n usnflul v wanaw ad n tskla.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ig ungal ad yan ubuvlu v ungal amaziv, ad ig v uswir n twila (forme<\/span>) nvd v uswir n tamayt (le contenu<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

v ungal nns amzwaru \u201c Twargit d imikk\u201d, i\u00e4fr gis Ukuna\u00e4 tavarast taqburt n ungal , ar gis zzigiznt timsar v yan u\u00e4rf yuvv\u00e4n, ar his aqqwlaynt tmsar imikk s imikk ar kiv gis lkmnt afa n tassast, ar d ilmma tta\u00e6int s ufsay.<\/span><\/p>\n

v ungal ad nns amaynu \u201c Ijjign n tidi\u201d, inapya d walli izwarn v tvarast s ittuska; i\u00e4fr gis Ukuna\u00e4 yat tvarast zv tvarasin s itussan ungal amaynu (le nouveau roman<\/span>) dar imnugal ima\u00e4alnn lli ttaranin ungal amaynu, zun d \u201cAlain Robb-Grillit<\/span>\u201d d \u201cNathali Sarraut<\/span>\u201d d \u201cKlaud Simon<\/span>\u201d.. v Fransa, d \u201cSamuel Pickett<\/span>\u201d d \u201cJames Joyc<\/span>\u201d v Irland, d wiya\u00e4 \u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

v ungal \u201c Ijjign n tidi\u201d, ar nn i\u00ef\u00efa\u00e7 Ukuna\u00e4 s wanaw ad n ungal amynu, ig ungal ad nns yat tirmit tamaynut v tskla tamazivt.<\/span><\/p>\n

v ungal ad, ur ar nn nttafi timsar ar zzigiznt zun d mklli s ar zzigiznt v ungal aqbur; zv umzwaru ar amggaru ar ttam\u00e7nt timsar v ungal aqbur yan u\u00e4rf ivrrdn, ar aqqwlaynt ar afa n tassast, a\u00e6nt d v tgira nnsnt , ismd ilmma ungal.<\/span><\/p>\n

Timsar v \u201c Ijjign n tidi\u201d lluzzant zund iv lluzzan middn v udvar, v sin izmaz imnapyan, macc ismun tn yan udvar. Ar issyafa imvri lli ur imyarn anaw ad v ungal amaynu is ijla gr iwlafn, gr tmsar, gr tudrt n iwrikn, gr asmid d war usmid, macc yan udvar av ukan illa mqqar ittummskal uzmz.<\/span><\/p>\n

v \u201c Ijjign n tidi\u201d, timsar lluzzant v uzmz, macc yan ad yum\u00e7n ifalan nnsnt ar av ismarray v uma\u00e4al n ungal ad, ad t igan d uwrik \u201c Taryalt\u201d ( awrik asilan- Principal<\/span>– v ungal), ar av ittals i tudrt nns v ugraw n usun \u201c Akuban\u201d d tudrt n iwrikn dis illan v usun ad. Iv av yiwi s uzmz n m\u00e7\u00e7i nns, azmz n tmmara lli iddr v akud ann, mklli gis ddrn \u201cayt ukuban\u201d ula nttni, iswirri av d s uzmz v iddr vil ad. Gr uzmz usmid d uzmz n vil ad, av ar zzigznt timsar v uzmz n ungal sis i\u00e7lin.<\/span><\/p>\n

Timsar b\u00e4ant f yan d mraw n imir, kra igat imir iga yan awlaf i\u00e7lin s kra n uggid ( personnalit\u00e9<\/span>) d tudrt nns d tzdayin nns v ugraw.<\/span><\/p>\n

D kra igat imir\/awlaf ar gis iddm umalus lli igan \u201cTaryalt\u201d ( ig nit dav awrik asilan) s wawal n ugns nns iv ijmmo d ixf nns, fadd ad i\u00e6ti kra n uggid yawi yav s umzruy ar ittals i tudrt nns, ikf av ismmaqqaln nns s tudrt d isyafatn nns. S tavarst ad tasklant a s ittuska ungal: Awrik \u201c Taryalt\u201d ar ittavul s uzmz izrin, ar ittals, ar issku tudrt n kra igat uggid d kra igat awrik, tudrt kki dis iddr v ukuban, nvd talli li fllas issfld, iv ismd tudrt ad yavul d s vil ad nnns, ad dav issnti yat allas f kra n ukkid ya\u00e4n..<\/span><\/p>\n

Ammuddu ad lli illan v ungal \u201c Ijjign n tidi\u201d gr azmz usmid d vil, rad t \u00e4frnt timsar ula nttnti, v gra igat imir ra ddmnt s uzmz n vil wrrint s mad izrin.<\/span><\/p>\n

Azluzzu n uzmz d timsar d tiwlaf v \u201cIjjign n tidi\u201d ad isskcamn ungal-ad s wanaw n ungal amaynu (le nouveau roman<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

Aswir n twila<\/strong> :<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Ittub\u00e4a ungal n \u201c Ijjign n tidi\u201d f yan d mraw n imir :<\/span><\/p>\n

\n
1. Talilt n muva.<\/span><\/li>\n
2. Amalu n immi n mrru.<\/span><\/li>\n
3. Tawayya n izikitn.<\/span><\/li>\n
4. Amarg inqqan.<\/span><\/li>\n
5. Idrimn ssallanin.<\/span><\/li>\n
6. Is ila ignna tiflwin.<\/span><\/li>\n
7. Lalla bus.<\/span><\/li>\n
8. Tagat n ayt ukuban.<\/span><\/li>\n
9. Bihi n tdwwart<\/span><\/li>\n
10. Tafruyt n trumit.<\/span><\/li>\n
11. Tillqs d umarg<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Imirn n ungal-ad mqqar ar ttnfalaln( ttbayann) mnapyan macc illa yan ifili sdidn tn izdin, igat tudrt n uwrik \u201cTaryalt\u201d, lli igan acamuc n timsar n ungal.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Ar ittals \u201cTaryalt\u201d i tudrt nns v \u201cAkuban\u201d lli igan yan ugraw v ugama n tmazirt nv, v kra n izmaz n tassast v umzruy nv, izmaz ittawssann s usg\u00e5as n waynri d isg\u00e5asn n la\u00e7 d uvni lli yutn agama amvribi .<\/span><\/p>\n

    Iz\u00e4ar ungal \u201c ijddign n tidi\u201d ad v nn isskcm s tudrt n ugraw n \u201c Akuban\u201d, ad nddr tizdayin xwcnnin d tzdayin fulkinin izdin anawn n middn gis iddrn, d ad nddr tiwuriwin nnsn d iswingimn nnsn d tamavt d inttayn gr atsn; yan ugraw anafgan ku yan ar ilddi s tsga ad issnjm ixf nns zv la\u00e7 d tamttant. Kra n iwlafn sggannin n tudrt mklli tga, macc ar tn dav r\u00e7\u00e7an iwlafn inafgann fulkinin n tikki d turrgza d tiwizi..<\/span><\/p>\n

    Timsar <\/strong>:<\/span><\/p>\n

    Ar isawal ungal \u201cIjjign n tidi\u201d f tudrt n \u201c Taryalt\u201d v ugraw \u201c Akuban\u201d g sin izmaz : g m\u00e7\u00e7i nns d vil akud lliv ad ittals.<\/span><\/p>\n

    G uzmz usmid, ar av ittawi \u201c Tryalt\u201d d wallas nnns s tudrtin n wiya\u00e4 lli dids idrun tudrt v ugraw Akuban, ar issisfiw tisggiwin n iggadn f ar isawal, tisggiwin ing\u00e4n g tmmara d takrf\u00e3a d la\u00e7 v uzmz ann izzri.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Izmaz ad ssin aqbur d vil, tsmuntn tmmara d uviluf: v uzmz aqbur tammara d la\u00e7 d tmu\u00e4an lli yutn agraw n \u201cukuban\u201d ifl d imzla\u00e4 nns \u2013 v iga Taryalt lliv ar sul ikssa- utn s i\u00e7u\u00eban.<\/span><\/p>\n

    G uzmz n vil (mqqar d ikka \u201cTaryalt\u201d Fransa i\u00ef\u00eff iqari\u00e4n) yusi sul izmuln n uviluf d tmmara n i\u00e4gam, tammara da issum \u201cTaryalt\u201d g m\u00e7\u00e7i nns dar zv ait ukuban, ar ilmma ittlli vil-ad ad ittva ( venger<\/span>) g ayt ukunan.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Tawada yad n uzmz v ungal, ikfa i uwrik asulan yat tdrfit ad ittlli gr iggidn d inmvurn n ugraw, ad gisn i\u00e7li willi i\u00ef\u00efafn atig s udriz da fln g ugraw nvd v uwrik, mka nn as d yucka ungal ib\u00e4a f yan d mraw(11) n imir, kra igat imir s mas i\u00e7li v yat tsga zv tsggiwin n ugraw n Ukuban.<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
    • Imir izwarn : talalit n muva<\/strong>. ( awal n u\u00e5nns)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Imir ad izwarn lli s iddm ungul, i\u00e7li s uwrik \u201c Taryalt\u201d ar av gis isawal f ixf nns, rad gis nnssn is d ikka Fransa, ig vila zg inmvurn n tmazirt n \u201cAkuban\u201d s uqari\u00e4 lli d yiwi, imikk siv mmattint tmsar s umzruy, ar iznnzmal \u201c Taryalt\u201d gr tudrt vil-ad d tudrt nns lliv tt nn ikka iga amksa g m\u00e7\u00e7i nns urta t yiwi muva s Fransa.<\/span><\/p>\n

      Rad nnssn is adlli iddr v tmmara d urfufu g Ukuban lliv tt inn ikka iga amksa, mlad ur d Muva da t id illiln ra d ukan sul iddr v tmmara n tkctataft n tayssa.<\/span><\/p>\n

      Mqqar txwcn tvarast llis s ar istti Muva middn, tavarast irwasn talli s ar sttin ismgan ad tn svin, macc issyafa \u201cTaryalt\u201d is t tga Fransa d urgaz. Azmz ikkan f imir-ad igat azmz n vil waxxa ittwiri uwrik s umzruy s tvarast n ikttayn ( flash back<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

      \n
      • Imir wi sin : Amlu n immi Mrru<\/strong>.( Aflas amadan)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        I\u00e4fr sul uwrik \u201c Taryalt\u201d ar sul isawal f ixf nns, ar nn ittddr ilmma v iswigimn nns, rad nnssn awrik ad g snat tsggiwin :<\/span><\/p>\n

        Tasga nns tamzwarut<\/u> xttalli immal i middn, ittussan sis, iga tt \u201c Taryalt\u201d s<\/strong> tuggtt n tassast gis illan, macc ttassast ad tiwi as tt id v yat tsga tudrt n u\u00e7\u00e7l\u00e4 lli adlli iddr g m\u00e7\u00e7i nns, v yat tsga ya\u00e4n ira ad dis ur issfl awd yan zg ait ukuban lli adlli fllas izzrin tammara.<\/span><\/p>\n

        Tasga nns tis snat<\/u> tng\u00e4 v uviluf idran, yiwi t id zg m\u00e7\u00e7i nns, zg tammara d lkcift lli fllas izrin.<\/span><\/p>\n

        Lliv av isnumml Taryalt tasga ad n tudrt nnns, iswirri av ilmma s umzruy g adlli iga amksa, i\u00e6t id kra n ilvuvn d iggidn n tmazirt v iga umvnas \u201cAmanuz\u201d d unmvur lli ittussann s tikki v ukuban \u201c Bihi n Uswwan\u201d, fadd ilmma ad isawl f t\u00e5rramt \u201c Immi Mrru\u201d lli f ibidd ugraw n Ukuban. Isawl f manik as ar s\u00e5rramn middn n Ait ukuban ta\u00e5rramt ad lli s flsn, d ur ad iskr yan kra ar kiv d ikka asm\u00e4l n t\u00e5rramt-ad, mklli tskar immas n Taryalt d tmddak\u00e6lt nns \u201cLalla Bur\u201d; ta\u00e5rramt lli f ad ttag\u00e5a tafukt tssudm tasga n usm\u00e4l f d tzwar, mka nn dav iv ad trup, mklli s flsn ait ukban.<\/span><\/p>\n

        Awd lliv immut babas n \u201cTaryalt\u201d ifl t id im\u00e7\u00e7i nit sul, ur tssugr immas n wazzan abla ad tini:\u00ab rbbi d immi Mrru ad issfawn, afgan ur igi vas adrval \u00bb.<\/span><\/p>\n

        G tsga yad n uskd dar ait ukuban, ra d zzigiznt tmsar ad sawlnt f kra n wanawn n iggidn v ukuban lli yusin timitar n wattagn n ugraw (uddur s umdya) , zun d babas d Wasil d oddi n Tmujart, mac rad dav yili mar ( contre<\/span>) nnsn lli yusin gar intagn zun d \u201c Ait Ubnkal\u201d lli mu iggut wayda nnsn, macc ur gin yat dar middn slawan ak\u00e6 lliv asn trwl illi tsn, tfal asn d azwar d gar.<\/span><\/p>\n

        \n
        • Imir wis k\u00eba\u00e4 : <\/strong>Tawayya n izikitn ( tissumga ):<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          Imir ad i\u00e7li t umalus \u201cTaryalt\u201d lli igan acamic n ungal i \u201cLalla Ibba\u201d tawayya n izikitn lli igan udm n middn illan v tsila n ugraw, udm n tssumga.<\/span><\/p>\n

          Tawayya n izikitn \u201cLalla Ibba\u201d tddr yat tksna(trajidi) v ugraw, g yat tsga ur tgi yat dar middn, g yat tsga ya\u00e4n lliv as kkisn imalan nns ( willi mu tga rawayya nnsn) argaz nns, zznzin t nn v yat tmazirt yaggugn. Tmmav sul \u201cLalla Ibba\u201d g tgira n tudrt nns aylliv tssdrf ixf nns, immav bab nns d waggag n tmzgida ad tt id iswirri dav s tssumga macc truf\u00e7 asn, tmmt sul v tgira as lliv immut anmvu\u00eb n ukuban \u201cBihi n Uswwan\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

          Idru \u201cTaryalt\u201d twayya-ad v tgira nnns yan wakud ittupban v tudrt nns, idduk\u00e6l dis, ar d dars ittkkai izzri dis yat tizit n ugwjjaj mqqar fllas tmqqur, ar gis issyafa tadrawt n tlkkawt ( assim\u00e7i) n Ayt Ukuban.<\/span><\/p>\n

          \n
          • Imir wis kku\u00e7 : <\/strong>Amarg inqqan ( taksna n tayri).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            G imir ad, tawlaft n ukttay tiwi \u201c taryalt\u201d ad d i\u00e6ti kra v imksawn igan ammddk\u00e6l nns zun d \u201cApdadday\u201d bu tlowwadt lli iz\u00e4arn ad issrva kra igat apwac v illa; ur issin yan a\u00e7ur nns , yiwit id baba nns \u201c Biygrwan\u201d im\u00e7\u00e7i sul ar as ikssa, yimvur gr Ait ukuban.<\/span><\/p>\n

            Ig ana\u00e7ur mqqurn dar middn, rad t tiri \u201c Tansafalin\u201d yat tjddigt ifulkin n Ait ukuban yiri tt macc tla argaz, rad sul tffav tayri nnsn v yan upwac, tkk asun.Ur ad ikk lpal yat siv lap \u201c Apdadday\u201d afin nn talowwadt nns dis ur ittngaran g tayssa, ur dav ikki lpal yat afin nn \u201c Tansafalin \u201c tmmut g yat tnu\u00e4fi, is tt inva urgaz nns ? awd yan ur issin .<\/span><\/p>\n

            Ttun middn \u201cApdadday\u201d, ttun tansafalin.<\/span><\/p>\n

            \n
            • Imir wis smmus: <\/strong>Is illa ignna tiflwin ( askd d tmzgida)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              Iddm uwrik dav ar isawal d ixf nns ar t i\u00e7\u00e7a\u00e4 uviluf, ar immal g wawal ad n u\u00e5ns tagu\u00e4i lli yusi f Ait ukuban s tmmara lli fllas zzrin v m\u00e7\u00e7i nns.<\/span><\/p>\n

              Tikklt- ad ur iwrri s m\u00e7\u00e7i nns, ar ittals i mad as issutln v uggidn lli dis yum\u00e7n tavnnant d mgal , yan gisn aggag n tmzgida \u201cUddir Absku\u201d lli igan yan zv waggagn iqburn ur irwasn aggag amvnas n ungal \u201c tawwargit d imikk\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

              Lliv t isqqsa \u201c Taryalt \u201c yat tkklt lliv ad yakka lpadit f wayyur is nn illa v wis kku\u00e7 ignwan, d mav ufan irumin ad t lkmn , isqsa t Taryalt lli d ikkan Fransa : \u201cmanik za as at n\u00e7rra iv nn illa v wis kki\u00e7 ignwan?\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

              Iggalli waggag tamrarut n usqqsi ad, ur as issugr amr ad gis isa\u00e4\u00e3a imssflidn nns lliv as d iss\u00e6ti is sul iga amksa, acku imksawn ur ssinn amr ad kssan ulli.<\/span><\/p>\n

              Ilin wiya\u00e4 ya\u00e4n g Ukuban lli nn igan tavnnant d \u201cTaryalt\u201d, v iga \u201cApaytur\u201d bu tsnas lli d ikkan nttan d \u201cBihuliyn\u201d lhijj fad ad t afn, macc \u201cTaryalt\u201d ur asn ifl tufut ad, ikk d vd nttat lpijj ad t ur afn.<\/span><\/p>\n

              \n
              • Imir wis s\u00e4i : <\/strong>Idrimn ssallanin ( v Fransa )<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                \u201c Iv ad ttuv kra v tudrt inw, ur ad sar ttuv ass ann lliv pra um\u00e7v tivra\u00e4 inw timzwura g Fransa\u201d (2) may ad as issnti \u201cTaryalt\u201d imir ad .<\/span><\/p>\n

                v imir ad, ar isawal f tudrt nns v Fransa, ar ismzazal gr Fransa tamazirt n ufulki d tmazirt nns \u201cAkuban\u201d advar n zzl\u00e4 d tmmara d uz\u00e4m. Fransa tamazirt n tdrfit d izrfan n ufgan, tswirri t id iga argaz nttan d mad sis ak\u00e6 iddan mqqar gis iddr g tkrfa\u00e3a d tmmara n twuri g ifran n toddanin, macc v Fransa i\u00ef\u00efaf umazzal atig mklli inna \u201cTaryalt\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

                v tmazirt nns \u201cAkuban\u201d iv ufan ad mzin amazzal ccin tivra\u00e4 nns ur illi mad asn ittinin yat.<\/span><\/p>\n

                G Fransa radd i\u00e6ti yan uggid \u201c Abndawc\u201d lli dis ittbddadn ar as immal mad iskar aylliv ixal\u00e4.<\/span><\/p>\n

                \n
                • \u00a0Imir wis sa : <\/strong>lalla Bus ( andudi n uflas)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                  Lalla Bus tamddak\u00e6lt n immas lli immutn, yat twssart igan amdya n tmvart lli iflsn s tgurrma, rad gis yafi \u201cTaryalt\u201d agiwal lli t isdln v wakud lliv tllas tudrt v walln nns, akud lliv ukrn asm\u00e4l n t\u00e5rramt \u201cImmi Mrru\u201d asin d gis tabuqqalt n wurv , tnfalal d (tbayn d) ilmma \u201cImmi Mrru\u201d lli s ad ttflasn Ayt ukuban is ur tgi amr tabuqqalt.<\/span><\/p>\n

                  Tndudi taflast n \u201cTaryalt\u201d , aylli s ifls v tudrt nns yiwi t wa\u00e4u, tkcm t id ilmma turda f uskd, imlalli, indudi ugns nns. iwats aggag n tmzgida \u201cBihi n ucamuc\u201d saw is rad nn dars yaf ma as d iswirrin aflas nns, macc ur nn dars yufi tamrurt i mad isarn, ur as d ivama amr tamddak\u00e6lt n tgllint n immas \u201cLalla Bus\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

                  \u201cLalla Bus\u201d nttat tikkur\u00e4a n usm\u00e4l n \u201cImmi Mrru\u201d tga dars tamatart n tikki nns :\u201d Ad k ur issipl ma yan a iwi, illa ma mi tfka Immi Mrru abuqqal n wurv nv win u\u00e7rf, illa ma s tga tatbirt tumlilt..illa ma mu tkfa asafar ..\u201d (3).<\/span><\/p>\n

                  Anna rad isar isar, Immi Mrru v dar \u201clalla Bus\u201d d mas tt irwasn tga \u201cImmi Mrru\u201d igan ta\u00e5rramt, tg an\u00e4af n usun, ma y ad ak\u00e6 isarn ur ad issrwi aflas nns.<\/span><\/p>\n

                  Yaf ilmma \u201cTryalt\u201d asafar d ussunfu n ugns nns dar \u201cLalla Bus\u201d, yavul as d uflas nns.<\/span><\/p>\n

                  \n
                  • Imir wis ttam : <\/strong>Tagat n Ait ukuban ( amvnas d isg\u00e5asn n uqryan)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                    Imir ad i\u00e7li t \u201cTaryalt\u201d i \u201cUmanuz\u201d, yan umvnas v Ait ukuban lli issisfiwn i middn- slawan ak\u00e6 imksawn- tidt v ddrn, ar tn issfrak, ar asn immal izakakn ( isragn) n tammara d tkctataft v llan isd kkant Lmxzn lli tn ittun zun d iv ur gin v tmazirt ad.<\/span><\/p>\n

                    Ma y ad ur fllas ifss lmxzn, rad ittyama\u00e7 \u201cUmanuz\u201d, ttyimi\u00e7n imksawn, ar ttn srfufun s ukuray d ttrisinti, is\u00e6\u00eba\u00e4 nnsn gantn afrak-ad lli tn id ikccmn, lliv sul ur ssugr ayt Lmxzn i \u201cUmanuz\u201d yat gin as a\u00e5ri, nvin t, acku ur z\u00e4a\u00ebn ad t sfissn amr s imnvi.<\/span><\/p>\n

                    Ig umvnas ad yat tifawt iklulan v ugraw Akuban, mac dvya ssnsan tt.<\/span><\/p>\n

                    \n
                    • Imir wis tt\u00e7a : <\/strong>Bihi n Tdwwart<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                      Yum\u00e7 imir ad simraw d tt\u00e7a (29) n tsna, imir ak\u00e6 mqqurn v ungal, ar isawal f yat uggid \u201c Bihi n Tdwwart\u201d lli d dar adlli ikssa \u201cTaryalt\u201d, izzri fllas tammara d la\u00e7 v m\u00e7\u00e7i nns.<\/span><\/p>\n

                      Isnuml ( d\u00e9crir<\/span>) uggid ad v mnnawt tsggiwin, ar av yakka uggid ad v yan udm iqjrn igan win afgan aqrzaz, ipmln ad izzray tammara f middn , vi d ar isnuml Taryalt tammara d lkcift lli fllas izzri \u201c Bihi n Tdwwart\u201d lliv ar s ikssa.<\/span><\/p>\n

                      Macc i\u00ef\u00efaf uggid ad yan udm ya\u00e4n lli ipban ur at immal i yan, iz\u00e4ar Taryalt ad av t iml lliv d dars ikka yat tkklt lliv d issunfa zv Fransa, v udm ad yujja Taryalt \u201cBihi n Tdwwart\u201d ad isawal f ixf nns.<\/span><\/p>\n

                      v udman \u2013ad ip\u00e4an, ar n\u00e7rra yat uggid ya\u00e4nin s ismaqqaln nns sis i\u00e7lin:<\/span><\/p>\n

                      \u2013 Asmaqql nns s tillit : Asun\u00e4u nns v tudrt d uskd, ilkm gis aswir lliv iz\u00e4ar ad issti tavarast lli s ad immt, tavarst ur irwasn tin middn.<\/span><\/p>\n

                      \u2013 Asmmaqql nns s ufgan : bu tdusi amu tga tudrt ur d bu tlkakt ( faiblesse<\/span>), \u201c mad ur iz\u00e4arn i tudrt ur as igi abla ad t tmzit\u201d (4) .<\/span><\/p>\n

                      \u2013 Asmaqql nns s tuzzuft ( sexe<\/span>) : Atig n urgaz, dar tmvart, ur igi s uqari\u00e4 nns wapdut, ar t ittgga argaz s tdusi nns v tzzuft.<\/span><\/p>\n

                      \u2013 Asmuqql nns s tmvart : Mqqar ar ismuqqul s tmvart s yat tsga n tzzuft, macc t\u00ef\u00efaf dar atig ur ad nn sis ig afus acku tamatart n tlkakt ad dars iga ma yann.<\/span><\/p>\n

                      v tgira rad sul ilip \u201c Bihi n tdwwart\u201d tssn ilmma tmvart nns is idda ad immt s tvarast ira.<\/span><\/p>\n

                      \n
                      • Imir wis mraw <\/strong>: Tafrirt tarumit ( gr tvrma tafransist d tin tamazirt)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                        G imir ad, ar isawal f usvun ( ddin) d tzdayt gr as d tmvart, v imir ad izdi d snat tmvarin :<\/span><\/p>\n

                        \u2013 G tmazirt isawl f tmvart nns, ur tt bahhra ibdir, ur tn izdi abla tanfult n iwl, tsaggl as tt inn adlli immas urta iddi s Fransa, ur ar sis issyafa, ula isru dis kra n ufray, rad sul tmmt lliv nn illa v Fransa, issyafa ilmma s t\u00e5\u00eb\u00e7a is tt i\u00e7\u00e4m lliv tt yiwi, macc may ad ikcm dars v umzruy, ur jjun tt ibdr s wassav nns, ur nnssin mad as ism, zun d iv ira ad tt issfa\u00e4 zv tmuktayt nns.<\/span><\/p>\n

                        \u2013 G Fransa issn gis yat trumit \u201cJaklin\u201d yiri tt, tiri t, iddr dis yan uzmz aylliv ira as tt ittahl, macc inaapyatn d tmmzrayin illan gr atsn v tawssna d tvrma ur as iwsnt v iwl ad, b\u00e4un, yam\u00e7 ku yan gisn avaras n tudrt ira.<\/span><\/p>\n

                        \n
                        • \u00a0Imir wis yan d mraw : <\/strong>Tillqs d umarg( awccn ar d ikccm tamazirt)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                          G imir ad, ar isawl vf waggag \u201c Bihi n Ucamu\u201d d usmmaqql nns amaynu s umarg, yiwi d is iga umarg tavarast n ibalisn, macc \u201cTaryalt\u201d issn is d amaynu ad lli d yiwi waggag is ur igi win nns, acku isg\u00e5asn ad disn iddr waggag ad, ar iz\u00eb\u00eba atig n umarg dar middn, ur jjun inna awal ad.<\/span><\/p>\n

                          Amarg dar Ait ukuban iga zv tmagit nnsn, zv tawssna nnsn, imun disn v tmvriwin nnsn d twuriwin nnsn.. ig yan ugzzum zv tudrt nnsn aylliv d yucka v tgira waggag yiri ad t igdl.<\/span><\/p>\n

                          (Rad tt id i\u00e4f\u00eb ugzzum wis sin)<\/span><\/p>\n

                          Iwrman:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

                          \n
                          1. \u201c Ijjign n tidi\u201d, M. Akunad. tansramt Al aqlam, Agadir, 2007.<\/span><\/li>\n
                          2. \u201c Ijjign n tidi\u201d, tasna 79.<\/span><\/li>\n
                          3. \u201c Ijjign n tidi\u201d, tasna 93.<\/span><\/li>\n
                          4. \u201c Ijjign n tidi\u201d , tasna 126.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                             Lahcen Zaheur Ikcm uslamad Mupmmad Akuna\u00e4 s usays n ungal s ungal dars izwarn \u201c Tawargit d imikk\u201d (2002 ), lli igan yan zg ungaln ir\u00e7mn abrid n wallas ungalan v tskla tamazivt tatrart. Smmus isg\u00e5asn, iss\u00e4fr as d yan ungal ya\u00e4n \u00ab Ijjign n tidi \u00bb( 2007), lli \u00e7\u00eb\u00ebav is sis ikcm uslmad nv […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2520,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"","ocean_second_sidebar":"","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"","ocean_custom_header_template":"","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"on","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,28],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2518","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actualites","category-tazrawt","entry","has-media","owp-thumbs-layout-horizontal","owp-btn-normal","owp-tabs-layout-horizontal","has-no-thumbnails","has-product-nav"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tirra.net\/web\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2518","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tirra.net\/web\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tirra.net\/web\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tirra.net\/web\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tirra.net\/web\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2518"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/tirra.net\/web\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2518\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tirra.net\/web\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2520"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tirra.net\/web\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2518"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tirra.net\/web\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2518"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tirra.net\/web\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2518"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}